Explainer

Leej twg yuav tau hno tshuaj COVID-19 booster vaccines tshiab thiab siv puas tau zoo?

Tej tshuaj COVID-19 vaccines tshiab ces yog siv coj los kho ib cov kab mob virus uas hlav ncau tshiab thiab yuav muaj rau neeg Australia siv lub 12 hlis ntuj 2023 no.

A person receiving a vaccine

People who have already had their 2023 vaccination(s) don't need to get jabbed again and remain well protected against severe disease. Source: Getty / Francine Orr/Los Angeles Times

Lub caij tseem muaj tus kab mob COVID-19 virus pauv hloov txuas ntxiv ces peb yuav tau xyuas kom peb tau hno tej tshuaj vaccine tshiab thiab. uas yuav pov puag tau yus zoo dua lawm.

Cia siab tias tej tshuaj "monovalent" booster vaccines tshiab no yuav yog ib cov tshuaj siv tau coj los hno tiv thaiv tus mob SARS-CoV-2 uas yog tus kab mob COVID-19 virus uas tab tom sib kis tam sim no tau zoo dua.

Thiab yuav muaj ov tshuaj Pfizer’s monovalent vaccine rau tej neeg hnoob nyoog 5 xyoos los yog siab tshaj ntawd uas muaj cai hno tau hno. Hos hom tshuaj Moderna monovalent vaccine ces yuav siv hno rau tej neeg hnoob nyoog 12 xyoos los yog hnoob nyoog siab tshaj ntawd.

Leej twg thiaj muaj cai hno tej tshuaj vaccine tshiab no? Thiab tej tshuaj vaccines tshiab no ho txawv tej qub li cas? Siv puas tau hauj lwm zoo? Thiab siv lawm puas tau txais kev nyab xeeb?

Leej twg thiaj muaj cai hno tej tshuaj booster tshiab no?

Tseem fwv teb chaws yeej lees lub koom haum sab laj thiab taw qhia txog cov kev hno tshuaj vaccines
Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (ATAGI) cov kev taw qhia kom siv tej tshuaj vaccines tshiab no tom qab lub hli dhau los uas Australia lub koom haum no tau tso cai pom zoo siv. Txawm li cas los txij lub 9 hli ntuj los no yeej tseem siv tej cai li qub tias leej twg thiaj yog cov neeg muaj cai hno tshuaj vaccine.

ATAGI yeej kom tej neeg Australia hnoob nyoog tshaj 75 xyoos hno tshuaj vaccine yog tias twb hno koob dhau los tau 6 hli los yog ntev tshaj ntawd lawm.

Tej neeg hnoob nyoog 65 xyoos mus txog 74 xyoos ces yeej raug taw qhia kom hno ib koob tshuaj vaccine booster xyoo 2023 yog tias tseem tsis tau hno.
file-20231120-21-4igdnx.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip
Advice for people without risk factors. Source: The Conversation
Tej neeg hnoob nyoog 18 txog 64 xyoos uas muaj ntau yam yuav ua rau kis tau tus mob COVID-19 los yog thaum kis tau lawm yuav mob sab heev yog cov raug taw qhia kom hno koob tshuaj 2023 booster shot yog tias tseem tsis tau hno. Thiab txawm tias yog tau hno koob tshuaj no lawm los yeej tseem xav kom hno ib koob txhab ntxiv thiab.
file-20231120-26-70jfyr.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip
Advice for people with risk factors. Source: The Conversation
Yog tias 18 txog 64 xyoos uas tsis muaj ntau yam ua rau koj yuav kis tau tus mob no yoojyim thiab twb tau hno koob tshuaj 2023 booster lawm, ces tsis tas hno ib koob ntxiv lawm. Tab sis yog tias koj ygo cov neeg muaj hnoob nyoog li hais no tab tsis tseem tis tau hno ces xav kom hno ib koob ntxiv.

Thiab yeej tsis hais kom tej me nyuam yaus uas tsis muaj ib co mob dab tsi uas yuav ua rau lawv mob sab thaum kis tau kab mob COVID hno lawm. Ntxiv ntawd los yeej tsis hais kom tej me nyuam txoj 6 hli txog 5 xyoos hno yog tias tsis muaj tej yam dab tsi yuav ua rau lawv kis tau tus mob no yooj yim.

Monovalent thiab bivalent sib txawv li cas?

“Monovalent” ces yeej yog tej tshuaj COVID vaccines uas xub siv ua ntej. Thiab tsuas siv tiv thaiv ib yam kab mob virus uas xub muaj thaum chiv keeb xwb.

Tab sis tam li tus kab mob virus no tau hloov lawm, ces peb thiaj siv Greek tej ntawv coj los tis npe rau ib hom kab mob virus twg lawm xwb yog tham txog cov kab mob Omicron. Vim cov kev hloov li no thiaj pom tau tias tej mob no ua rau muaj teeb meem rau peb ''cov immune'' tsis muaj zog. Thiab tus kab mob virus no tau muaj kev pauv hloov ntau yam ces tej tshuaj vaccines xub coj los siv thiaj tsis tshuaj muaj peev xwm pov puag tau peb zoo pes tsawg lawm.

Yog li ntawd thiaj yuav tau tsim dua tej tshuaj vaccines tshiab coj los siv tiv thaiv cov kab mob Omicron uas xub hloov thaum ntxov li BA.1, thiab tiv thaiv tej virus xub muaj. Cov tshuaj vaccines no ces yog 'bivalent' uas siv coj los tiv thaiv ob yam virus no uas yeej tau txais kev tso cai pom zoo siv ntawm Australia xyoo 2022 lawm.

Tab sis tus mob Omicron los yeej tau hloov txuas ntxiv, thiab tau ua rau rau tus tshuaj qub tsis muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob sib kis, ces thiaj pheej rov qab uas rau muaj ntau phaum kab mob (COVID) sib kis dua.
Tej tshuaj vaccines thiaj raug kho dua tshiab ib zaug ntxiv rau thaum ntxov xyoo 2023. Yog li tej tshuaj bivalent vaccines thiaj yog cov tshuaj vaccine hno tiv thaiv ob hom viruses - uas yog cov virus xub xub chiv muaj thiab cov virus uas hloov ncau tom qab li BA.4 thiab BA.5.

Vim tej kab mob virus tau hloov lawm ces peb thiaj yuav tau rov qab hno dua tej tshuaj vaccine booster shot ntxiv. Li nom tswv tau qhia txog cov kev hno tshuaj vaccine tshiab tsis ntev los no.

Ces tus tshuaj booster tshiab no thiaj hno tiv thaiv lawm yam kab mob Omicron uas hlav ncau tshiab li XBB.1.5 ().

Hos yog rov qab tham txog tus tshuaj monovalent vaccine ces tsuas yog tus tshuaj uas tiv thaiv tau tib hom virus xwb. Thiab tsis siv tiv thaiv thawj cov kab mob virus xub muaj dhau los lawm.

Thiab raws li ntiaj teb lub koom haum tswj dej num noj qab haus huv (World Health Organization-WHO) tau qhia rau lub 5 hlis ntuj (2023) ces kuj pom tias tus kab mob virus xub muaj thaum ntxov (tsis kis rau tib neeg ntxiv lawm). Thiab tej zaum yog tseem hno tshuaj tiv thaiv tus mob virus xub mob thaum chiv keeb ces kuj yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem rau peb cov immune tsis muaj peev xwm tawm tsam nrog tej kab mob ncau tshia thiab, tab sis peb kuj tseem tsis tau paub tseeb tias puas yog tab tom muaj tej xwm txheej no tshwm sim los yog tej no ho tseem ceeb npaum li cas.

Lub 9 hli ntuj nrab ces Meskas yeej tau tso cai pom zoo los siv cov tshuaj Pfizer thiab Moderna los hno tiv thaiv tus virus XBB.1.5 no tsi ntsees. Tsis tas li ntawd los kuj tau muaj ntau lub teb chaws thiab cheeb tsam tau tso cai thiab kho dua cov kev siv cov tshuaj no tshiab li Europe, Canada, Japan thiab Singapore lawm thiab.

Ntawm Australia no ces, lub 10 hli ntuj dhau los lub koom haum tso tswj thiab tso cai siv tshuaj Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) kuj tau tso cai pom zoo siv tau cov tshuaj no lawm thiab.

Tej tshuaj vaccines tshiab no siv puas tau hauj lwm zoo?

Kuj tau muaj ib co pov thawj los ntawm cov kev teeb txheeb txog tej tshuaj monovalent vaccines tshiab no raug muab xa rau TGA thiab.

Tsis tas li ntawd los kuj tau muaj qee cov pov thawj ntawm ib co kev teeb txheeb uas yeej (coj mus qhia hauv online lawm thiab tab sis tseem tsis tau txheeb tias seb puas yog ib cov pov thawj tuaj nruab nrab) thiab kuj tseem tau coj cov tshuaj Pfizer tshiab Meskas lub koom haum tswj kab mob (US Centers for Disease Control) lawm thiab.

Thiab tej pov thawj uas muaj ntawd yeej qhia tias tej tshuaj vaccines tshiab yeej muaj cov antibodies zoo thaum teeb txheeb hauv tej chaw sim tshuaj (laboratory), sim rau tib neeg, thiab siv rau nas yog piv rau tej tshuaj vaccines xub siv dhau los thiab yog thaum txheeb txog tej mob virus ntau yam uas tab tom muaj tam sim no li EG.5 (). Tus virus tshiab no yog ib tug uas tab tom ua rau muaj neeg kis coob heev thoob ntuj tam sim no, suav Australia nrog. Thiab kuj yog ib tug virus muaj ntsis zoo sib xws li tus virus XBB uas tej tshuaj vaccine booster tswj tau thiab.

Yog li ntawd tej tshuaj vaccine tshiab thiaj muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv tau tus virus BA.2.86 los yog Pirol thiab raws li tau muaj ib cov kev sim tshiab los ntawm cov clinical trials thiab Meskas lub chaw tswj kab mob (US Centers for Disease Control). Ces hom kab mob virus no thiaj yog hom uas ua rau muaj neeg kis tau coob thiab kis tau sai heev, thiab tab tom muaj neeg kis tau coob tuaj ntxiv ntawm Australia no lawm.

Thiab yeej paub tseeb lawm tias tus virus no tseem yuav hloov ua ntuv zus txuas ntxiv. Ces thiaj tseem yuav tau txheeb tej tshuaj vaccines hno tiv thaiv tej kab mob virus tshiab no txuas ntxiv seb siv puas tau hauj lwm zoo li cas thiab.

Tej tshuaj vaccines tshiab no siv puas tau txais kev yab xeeb?

Yeej muaj tej kev teeb txheeb tau coj tej tshuaj vaccines qub thiab tshiab los siv piv seb ho puas muaj teeb meem siv tej tshuaj no sib txawv li cas, ces kuj pom tau tias kuj tau txais kev nyab xeeb rau cov kev siv tej tshuaj vaccines tshiab no tib yam li phaum tshuaj vaccines xub siv dhau los thiab.

Thiab vim tias yeej muaj tej tshuaj vaccines tshiab no coj los siv lawm, ces thiaj tau ua rau muaj ib co teb chaws tsis siv cov tshuaj vaccines xub siv thaum ntxov lawm thiab. Tos ho ua li ntawd los vim cov tshuaj tshiab no haum siv rau cov kab mob virus uas tseem tab tom sib kis tam sim no, thiab tsis tshua txhawj txog cov kev nyab xeeb rau cov kev siv tej tshuaj vaccines li tej tshuaj vaccine phaum dhau los uas xub siv ntawd lawm.

Yuav zoo li cas ntxiv?

Txawm tias tej tshuaj vaccines tshiab yog tej yam zoo, los yeej tseem tsis tau yog tej yam muaj peev xwm xaus tau tej xwm txheej no. Qhov peb yuav tau ua yog ua tib zoo xyuas kom tej neeg tau hno tej tshuaj vaccines no.

Thiab peb los yuav tsum tau lees paub tias tsim nyog muab cov kev hno tshuaj vaccine ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm tej tswv yim los tiv thaiv kom muaj tej teeb meem los ntawm tus kab mob COVID-19 no tsawg txij no mus. Li ntau yam tswv yim piv txwv li looj ntaub npog qhov ncauj, nyob kom nrug ntawm lwm tus, xyuas kom nyob rau tej chaw muaj cua hliv/lim tau zoo, thiab tej huab cua huv, los yog xwm txheej uas pheej tsis tshua ntxuav tes kom huv. Txawm tias cov kev muaj peev xwm tau tej tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob virus no siv kom sai kuj tseem yog tej yam tseem ceeb heev, tab sis cov kev nyob kom nrug tej neeg kis tau tus mob no los kuj yog tej yam tseem ceeb tib yam thiab.

Paul Griffin yog tus coj thiab yog ib tug tub koom siab ntawm pawg neeg sab laj tawm tswv yim rau cov kev teeb txheeb ntawm lub koom haum Immunisation Coalition thiab yeej yog ib tug tub koom siab ntawm pawg neeg sab laj rau cov tuam txhab tsim tshuaj Pfizer, Moderna and Novavax dhau los thiab.

Mloog tau hnub zwj Teeb (Thursday) 6 pm, hnub zwj Hnub (Sunday) 11 am, los yog koom tau ntxiv ntawm , , thiab . Downloadthiab caum

Share
Published 7 December 2023 6:20pm
By Paul Griffin
Presented by Vixay Vue
Source: The Conversation


Share this with family and friends